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}} James David Graham Niven (1 March 1910 – 29 July 1983) was an English actor and novelist who was popular in Europe and in the United States. He may be best known for his roles as Squadron Leader Peter Carter in ''A Matter of Life and Death'', as Phileas Fogg in ''Around the World in 80 Days'' and as Sir Charles Lytton, a.k.a. "the Phantom", in ''The Pink Panther.'' He was awarded the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in ''Separate Tables'' (1958). Born in London, Niven attended Heatherdown Preparatory School and Stowe before gaining a place at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. After Sandhurst he was gazetted a lieutenant in the Highland Light Infantry. Having developed an interest in acting, he left the Highland Light Infantry, travelled to Hollywood and had several minor roles in film. He first appeared as an extra in the British film ''There Goes the Bride'' (1932). From there, he hired an agent and had several small parts in films from 1933 to 1935, including a non-speaking part in MGM's ''Mutiny on the Bounty''. This brought him to wider attention within the film industry and he was spotted by Samuel Goldwyn. Upon the outbreak of the Second World War, Niven returned to Britain and rejoined the army, being re-commissioned as a lieutenant. Niven resumed his acting career after his demobilisation, and was voted the second most popular British actor in the 1945 Popularity Poll of British film stars. He appeared in ''A Matter of Life and Death'' (1946), ''The Bishop's Wife'' (1947), and ''Enchantment'' (1948), all of which received critical acclaim. Niven later appeared in ''The Elusive Pimpernel'' (1950), ''The Toast of New Orleans'' (1950), ''Happy Go Lovely'' (1951), ''Happy Ever After'' (1954), and ''Carrington V.C.'' (1955) before scoring a big success as Phileas Fogg in Michael Todd's production of ''Around the World in 80 Days''. Niven appeared in nearly a hundred films, and many shows for television. He also began writing books, with considerable commercial success. In 1982 he appeared in Blake Edwards' final "Pink Panther" films ''Trail of the Pink Panther'' and ''Curse of the Pink Panther'', reprising his role as Sir Charles Lytton. ==Early life== James David Graham Niven was born in Belgrave Mansions, London to William Edward Graham Niven (1878–1915) and his wife, Henrietta Julia (née Degacher) Niven. He was named David for his birth on St. David's Day (1 March). Niven often claimed that he was born in Kirriemuir, in the Scottish county of Angus in 1909, but his birth certificate shows this was not the case. Henrietta was of French and British ancestry. She was born in Wales, the daughter of army officer William Degacher (1841–1879) by his marriage to Julia Caroline Smith, the daughter of Lieutenant General James Webber Smith. Niven's grandfather William Degacher was killed in the Battle of Isandlwana (1879), during the Zulu War.〔 〕〔''The Times'', "Marriages", 26 October 1888〕 Born William Hitchcock, he and his brother Henry had followed the lead of their father, Walter Henry Hitchcock, in assuming their mother's maiden name of Degacher in 1874.〔''The Times'', 18 February 1874, p. 1〕 William Niven, David's father, was of Scottish descent; his paternal grandfather, David Graham Niven, (1811–1884) was from St. Martin's, a village in Perthshire. William served in the Berkshire Yeomanry in the First World War and was killed during the Gallipoli Campaign on 21 August 1915. He was buried in Green Hill Cemetery, Turkey in the Special Memorial Section in Plot F. 10.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Casualty details—Niven, William Edward Graham )〕 Niven's mother remarried, to Sir Thomas Comyn-Platt, in London in 1917. Graham Lord, in ''Niv: The Authorised Biography of David Niven'', suggested that Comyn-Platt and Mrs. Niven had been having an affair for some time before her husband's death, and that Sir Thomas may well have been David Niven's biological father, a supposition which has some support from her children. A reviewer of Lord's book stated that Lord's photographic evidence showing a strong physical resemblance between Niven and Comyn-Platt "would appear to confirm these theories, though photographs can often be misleading."〔 David Niven had three older siblings: *Margaret Joyce (born in Geneva, Switzerland, 5 January 1900 – 18 November 1981)〔 〕 *Henry Degacher ("Max"; born in Buckland, Berkshire, 29 June 1902 – March 1953)〔 *Grizel Rosemary Graham〔An artist, she created the bronze sculpture called the ''Bessie'' that is presented to the Orange Prize for Fiction winner.〕 (born in Belgravia, Middlesex, 28 November 1906 – 28 January 2007).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「David Niven」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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